Home
|
About Journal
|
Editorial Board
|
Instruction
|
Subscribe
|
Advertisement
|
Messages Board
|
Contact Us
|
中文
Office Online
Journal Online
Forthcoming Articles
Current Issue
In Press
Archive
Advanced Search
Read Articles
Download Articles
Email Alert
2023 Vol. 11, No. 3
Published: 2023-05-30
Review
Article
Forum
Forum
173
Advances in non-pharmacological treatment for children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder
JIA Siyue, MAO Meng, XIONG Fei
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.001
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders in children, which can profoundly affect children’s life, learning, and socialization. ADHD even continues into adulthood. The overall prevalence of ADHD in children worldwide is 7.2%, and the overall prevalence of ADHD in children in China is 5.6%. With the advancement of disease awareness, the incidence of ADHD diagnosis is increasing. The treatment for preschool or school-age children, with or without medication, requires a combination of non-pharmacological interventions. This review discusses the non-pharmacologic treatments that are currently used in clinical practice.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 173- [
Abstract
] (
2150
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(979 KB) (
2286
)
Article
178
Association of sleep problems with executive function in Shanghai preschoolers
CHEN Min, SUN Xiaoning, RONG Tingyu, JIANG Yanrui, LIU Jieqiong, WANG Guanghai, JIANG Fan
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.002
Objective
To investigate the prevalence of sleep problems and executive function difficulties in Shanghai preschoolers, and explore the relationship between them.
Methods
Based on the Shanghai Children’s Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation-Preschool （SCHEDULE-P） large population cohort study, 991 preschoolers were included in the analysis. Their parents finished children’s sleep habits questionnaire （CSHQ） and behavior rating scale of executive function-preschool （BRIEF-P）.
Results
The average age of the 991 preschoolers was （6.18±0.29） years, and boys accounted for 52.1%. The prevalence of total sleep problems was 48.6%, mainly containing delayed sleep onset and insufficient sleep duration. The prevalence of general executive function difficulties was 8.7%, which mainly included shift and emotional control problems. Children with general executive function difficulties were more likely to have total sleep problems （χ
2
=7.61, P<0.01） with 2.06 times higher than those of the normal children （95%CI: 1.22-3.48）. Different dimensions of executive function difficulties were associated with different sleep problems.
Conclusion
Sleep problems in preschoolers are closely related to executive function difficulties, which suggests that targeted comprehensive intervention should be carried out.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 178- [
Abstract
] (
2215
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1369 KB) (
1325
)
185
Relationship between active social network site use and loneliness in college students: a mediating role of unmet need for belonging
MAO Jian, XIE Jiashun, XIONG Chenlin, WU Jiede, WANG Jian
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.003
Objective
To explore the effects of active social network site use on loneliness, and investigate the mediating role of unmet need for belonging.
Methods
A total of 308 undergraduate students with experience in using social network site were recruited in the study to complete active social network use scale, loneliness scale, attribution need intensity scale, and an item of interpersonal relationship satisfaction （discrepancy between need to belong and satisfaction with interpersonal relationships, which was used to measure unmet need for belonging）.
Results
Correlation analysis showed that active social network site use was significantly negatively correlated with loneliness （r=-0.14, P<0.05） and unmet need for belonging （r=-0.16, P<0.01）. Unmet need for belonging was significantly positively correlated with loneliness （r=0.32, P<0.001）. Unmet need for belonging completely mediated the relationship between active network site use and loneliness.
Conclusion
Active social network site use reduces the loneliness of college students by reducing unmet need for belonging.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 185- [
Abstract
] (
2023
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(895 KB) (
1729
)
190
Effect of shyness on college students’ Internet gaming disorder: chain mediating roles of self-esteem and meaning in life
CHEN Mei, HUANG Shihua, WU Lianning
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.004
Objective
To explore the mediating roles of self-esteem and meaning in life between shyness and college students’ Internet gaming disorder.
Methods
A total of 599 college students were measured by questionnaires including trait shyness scale, self-esteem scale, meaning in life questionnaire, and Internet gaming disorder questionnaire. Then the roles of self-esteem and meaning in life in the relationship between shyness and Internet game disorder were analyzed.
Results
College students’ Internet gaming disorder was significantly positively related to shyness, but it was significantly negatively related to self-esteem and meaning in life. Self-esteem or meaning in life played a mediating role in the relationship between shyness and college students’ Internet gaming disorder. Self-esteem and meaning in life also played chain mediating roles between shyness and college students’ Internet gaming disorder.
Conclusion
Shyness can directly influence college students’ Internet gaming disorder, and also can indirectly influence their Internet gaming disorder through the separate mediating roles of self-esteem and meaning in life, as well as the chain mediating roles of self-esteem and meaning in life.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 190- [
Abstract
] (
2060
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(983 KB) (
1844
)
195
Napping status and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai
OUYANG Fang, YANG Yujuan, ZHANG Jingji, SUN Lijing, LUO Chunyan
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.005
Objective
To explore napping status and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, and provide evidence for improving their sleep health.
Methods
Three elementary school, 3 middle high schools, and 2 high schools were randomly selected in each of the 16 districts in Shanghai （totaling 9 231 students in 128 schools） by using multi-stage cluster sampling method. A self-developed questionnaire survey was conducted in June 2021. The χ
2
test and multi-class Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors.
Results
The proportion of primary and secondary school students who took a nap at school was 26.8% （2 474/9 231）, the detection rate of sleep deprivation at night on school days was 85.4% （7 883/9 231）, the proportion with sleep quality problems was 28.2%（2 603/9 231）, and the differences were statistically significant among different grade levels （P<0.001）. The percentages of students who had great study efficiency and never slept in afternoon classes were both higher than those who did not take a nap, while the percentage of students with sleep quality problems was lower than those who did not take a nap, and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.001）. The results of the multi-class Logistic regression analysis showed that students who were female, suburban, at high school, and with low self-perceived academic stress were more likely to take a nap （ORs were 1.159, 1.473, 2.205, and 1.151 respectively, all P<0.05）, and students who had sleep deprivation on school nights and had sleep quality problems were more likely not to take a nap （ORs were 0.651 and 0.792 respectively, all P<0.001）.
Conclusion
The sleep condition of primary and secondary school students in Shanghai is not optimistic, and the proportion of school nap is not high. It is recommended to strengthen the sleep health education and rationalize the work and rest time.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 195- [
Abstract
] (
2043
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(950 KB) (
1590
)
200
Effects of feeding practices on distribution characteristics of intestinal microbiota in preterm newborns
YUAN Fang, HU Runfang, WU Liangxia, ZHANG Jianhua
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.006
Objective
To study the effects of different feeding practices on intestinal microbiota distribution characteristics in preterm infants.
Methods
A total of 35 preterm infants delivered by cesarean section were recruited into 2 feeding groups fed by breast milk or formula. The total DNA was extracted from the feces, the amplification of the variable regions 3 of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced through Illumina Miseq sequencing platform and then the profile of the intestinal flora composition was analyzed.
Results
The intestinal microbiota of premature infants was dominated by two phyla （Firmicutes and Proteobacteria） and three classes （Bacilli, Clostridia, and Gammaproteobacteria）. In the family and genus levels, it was dominated by Streptococcaceae, Veillonellaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. We did not find Bacteroidetes and Bifidobacterium in the whole observation period. There was no significant difference in relative abundance of the main phylum and genus between the two feeding types. In the low abundance species level, the breast feeding group owned more species than the formula feeding group. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus of the breast feeding group was significantly higher than that of the formula feeding group （P<0.05）. Escherichia was not found in the formula feeding group. In addition, the composition of bacteria in these two groups at four time points was also different and the difference in the phylum level was found in 3 to 5 days after birth.
Conclusion
High-throughput sequencing reveals the intestinal flora profile of preterm infants: more facultative anaerobe colonization and delayed strict anaerobic bacteria colonization. Feeding type has little effect on the structure of main species. Formula feeding has adverse effects on the establishment of low abundance microbiota.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 200- [
Abstract
] (
1865
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1927 KB) (
1558
)
207
Effects of massage therapy on clinical manifestations and gastrointestinal symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder
WANG Jing, LIU Yun, HUANG Haoyu, WU Jinting, LIU Chunming, ZHANG Yangping
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.007
Objective
To observe the effects of massage therapy on the clinical efficacy and comorbid gastrointestinal symptoms of children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD） based on the theory of gut-brain axis theory.
Methods
A total of 80 children with ASD were selected and randomly divided into control group （n=40） and experiment group （n=40）. The control group was given conventional rehabilitation treatment. The experiment group was treated with conventional rehabilitation treatment and massage therapy, which was 6 times a week, 30 min each time, 4 weeks as a course of treatment, and 3 courses in total. The autism behavior checklist （ABC）, childhood autism rating scale （CARS）, and the symptom scale for gastrointestinal diseases were used. The scores of the core ASD symptoms and combid gastrointestinal symptoms of the two groups before and after treatment were compared.
Results
The actual enrollment was 36 cases in the experiment group and 34 cases in the control group. After treatment, the ABC and CARS scores of both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）, and scores of the experiment group were better than those of the control group （P<0.05）. In the experiment group, 27 cases were markedly effective and 9 cases were effective; the total effective rate was 100%. In the control group, 18 cases were markedly effective and 13 cases were effective; the total effective rate was 91.2%. After treatment, the scores of gastrointestinal diseases symptom in both groups were lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）, and scores of the experiment group were better than those of the control group （P<0.05）. In 25 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in the experiment group, 13 cases were markedly effective and 12 cases were effective, with a total effective rate of 100%. In 23 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in the control group, 6 cases were markedly effective and 11 cases were effective, with a total effective rate of 73.9%.
Conclusion
According to the gut-brain axis theory, massage therapy can improve the clinical symptoms of children with ASD and at the same time reduce the comorbid gastrointestinal symptoms.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 207- [
Abstract
] (
2042
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1047 KB) (
1504
)
212
Changes in activities of primary school students under “double reduction” policy and its effects on anxiety
YAO Li, LI Xinying
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.008
Objective
To investigate the difference in the duration of activities of primary school students before and after the “double reduction” policy, and verify the effect of the “double reduction” policy on the anxiety of primary school students.
Methods
The study subjects were 400 primary school students from the first grade to the sixth grade in 3 primary schools in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, and 395 participants were effectively enrolled in the questionnaire, with an average age of （10.25±2.637） years. The generalized anxiety disorder scale and the self-made questionnaire were used to measure the anxiety level of primary school students and the daily duration of homework, sleep, exercise, and electronic product use. The correlation between anxiety and the daily duration of various activities was analyzed, as well as the difference in the duration of primary school students’ activities before and after the implementation of the “double reduction” policy.
Results
Anxiety in primary school students was positively correlated with homework time and electronic product use time （P<0.01）, and negatively correlated with exercise duration （P<0.05） and sleep duration （P<0.01）. Compared with that before the “double reduction”, the homework time after the “double reduction” significantly reduced （t=-2.239, P<0.05）, the electronic product use time significantly reduced （t=-2.894, P<0.05）, the sleep duration significantly increased （t=6.735, P<0.01）, and the exercise duration difference was not significant （t=1.392, P=0.165）.
Conclusion
Longer homework time and electronic product use time aggravate the anxiety of primary school students. The implementation of the “double reduction” policy can relieve the anxiety of primary school students and plays a protective role in the mental health of primary school students.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 212- [
Abstract
] (
2095
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1080 KB) (
1730
)
218
Effects of emotional and ethnic information on cognition and metacognition of face pictures
LI Zhaolan, DAI Wenwu, JIA Ning
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.009
Objective
To explore different effects of emotional and ethnic information on the cognitive and metacognitive processes of face pictures during the encoding and extraction stages.
Methods
A 2 （emotional information: positive, negative） × 2 （ethnic information: own-race, other-race） within-subjects design was used to record subjects’ learning time, recognition scores, judgement of learning, and judgement of confidence. Repeated measurement analysis of variance and simple effects analysis were performed.
Results
Study time was influenced by emotional information only, with shorter study time for negative emotional faces. The other-race effect emerged for recognition performance, which was moderated by emotional information. Judgement of learning was influenced by ethnic information and moderated by emotional information. The trend for judgement of confidence was the same as that for recognition scores.
Conclusion
For the cognitive processing of face pictures, only emotional information influences the cognitive processing during the encoding stage. Ethnic information significantly influences the cognitive processing during the extraction stage, and emotional information plays a moderated role. For the metacognitive processing of face pictures, emotional and ethnic information have a joint effect in both the encoding and extraction stages.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 218- [
Abstract
] (
1932
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1194 KB) (
1313
)
Review
225
Early automated screening technology of neurodevelopmental disorders
ZHAO Xiaoru, LI Qin, ZHAO Guangping, CHEN Shunsen
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.010
Neurodevelopmental disorders, which occur in infancy, are chronic disorders of the central nervous system. With an unknown underlying cause and insidious early symptoms, many children were underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed. The affected infants missed the optimal intervention period before the age of 3 years. This paper reviews researches of the traditional screening techniques and early automated screening techniques for neurodevelopmental disorders and presents the following guidelines. Using two objective indicators of body coordinated movements and eye autonomous movements, with the advantage of artificial intelligence recognition technology in mobile phones, it is possible to develop early automated screening technologies for neurodevelopmental disorders. These would help identify high-risk groups early.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 225- [
Abstract
] (
1960
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1063 KB) (
1703
)
231
Research progress in comorbidity of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder and developmental coordination disorder
XIE Juan, CHEN Li
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.011
Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is a common chronic neurodevelopmental disorder in children. There are about 50% of children with comorbidity of ADHD and developmental coordination disorder （DCD）, which has negative impact on children’s daily activities, academics, and social interaction. However, the clinical attention is very low. The connection, evaluation, and treatment of comorbidity of ADHD and DCD were reviewed, in order to promote early identification, early diagnosis, standard treatment and management, and improve its functional impairment.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 231- [
Abstract
] (
1984
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1146 KB) (
1642
)
236
Comparison of Chinese and foreign assessment methods for developmental dyslexia
LIU Zhongling, LIU Duo, WAN Qin, CHEN Jinjin
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.012
Developmental dyslexia is a specific learning disability of neurological origin, characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities in children of normal intelligence with normal learning conditions and motivation. Lack of early intervention can lead to further academic failure and delayed cognitive, emotional, and vocational development. The prevalence of developmental dyslexia in China is 5%-10%, but there is no standardized assessment and management system for Mandarin Chinese developmental dyslexia. This paper compares dyslexia-related assessment tools in four different language systems and draws out the characteristics and advantages, which proposes possible directions for the development of early screening tools and the assessment and management system for Mandarin Chinese.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 236- [
Abstract
] (
2103
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1574 KB) (
2414
)
243
Research progress in immune abnormalities-related manifestations in autism spectrum disorder
ZHANG Bei, Rena MAIMAITI
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2023.03.013
In recent years, the incidence of autism spectrum disorder （ASD） has significantly increased, attracting widespread attention. Studies have shown that there is a close relationship between immune abnormalities and ASD. This article reviews the research progress of immune abnormalities-related manifestations in ASD, mainly involving immunogenetics, family history of autoimmune diseases, maternal immune activation, and immune dysfunction in individuals with ASD, which helps to explore the cause and treatment of ASD.
2023 Vol. 11 (3): 243- [
Abstract
] (
1936
)
HTML
(1 KB)
PDF
(1166 KB) (
1598
)
Copyright © Editorial Board of JOURNAL OF BIO-EDUCATION
Supported by:
Beijing Magtech
