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| Napping status and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai |
| OUYANG Fang1, YANG Yujuan1, ZHANG Jingji1, SUN Lijing2, LUO Chunyan2 |
| 1. Educational Technology Equipment Center, Shanghai Education Committee, Shanghai 200070, China; 2. Division of Child and Adolescent Health, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China |
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Abstract Objective To explore napping status and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, and provide evidence for improving their sleep health. Methods Three elementary school, 3 middle high schools, and 2 high schools were randomly selected in each of the 16 districts in Shanghai （totaling 9 231 students in 128 schools） by using multi-stage cluster sampling method. A self-developed questionnaire survey was conducted in June 2021. The χ2 test and multi-class Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The proportion of primary and secondary school students who took a nap at school was 26.8% （2 474/9 231）, the detection rate of sleep deprivation at night on school days was 85.4% （7 883/9 231）, the proportion with sleep quality problems was 28.2%（2 603/9 231）, and the differences were statistically significant among different grade levels （P<0.001）. The percentages of students who had great study efficiency and never slept in afternoon classes were both higher than those who did not take a nap, while the percentage of students with sleep quality problems was lower than those who did not take a nap, and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.001）. The results of the multi-class Logistic regression analysis showed that students who were female, suburban, at high school, and with low self-perceived academic stress were more likely to take a nap （ORs were 1.159, 1.473, 2.205, and 1.151 respectively, all P<0.05）, and students who had sleep deprivation on school nights and had sleep quality problems were more likely not to take a nap （ORs were 0.651 and 0.792 respectively, all P<0.001）. Conclusion The sleep condition of primary and secondary school students in Shanghai is not optimistic, and the proportion of school nap is not high. It is recommended to strengthen the sleep health education and rationalize the work and rest time.
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