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2018 Vol. 6, No. 3
Published: 2018-09-30
Review
Article
Forum
Case study
Forum
115
Importance and suggestions of early environment and experience for children
LI Yanwei, JIN Xingming, YU Dongchuan
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.001
Early environment and experience are critical to individuals' lifelong development. We summarized researches investigating the effects of early experience on child brain development. Then, integrating with the cause of autism, we explored risks factors (i.e., the nutrient for babies and pregnant mothers, womb environment, maternal habits, and children’s living environment) which play an important role in child development. Finally, we suggest that parents, educators, researchers, and even the public should give enough attention to children’s living environment and early experience.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 115- [
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Needs assessment of parenting education in Shanghai
ZHANG Zichen, ZHANG Yunting, ZHAO Jin, HE Youhua, MAO Hongmei, QU Jiajie, JIANG Fan
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.002
Objective
To assess the needs for parenting education in Shanghai preschool children and differences between different educational levels.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shanghai using stratified random sampling design. A total of 20 899 children aged 3-4 years-old from 191 kindergartens participated in this study, which were newly preschool children in kindergartens in Sept.2016. Demographics, social economic status and questionnaires on use of an existing text message program（Yuer Zhouzhoukan, YEZZK） and anticipation of parenting education were collected by online and offline parent report questionnaire.
Results
About 19.1% parents received the service of YEZZK, in which mothers with lower education level had lower subscription rate. Approximately 69.5% of parents would like to receive parenting education message once a week. The most preferred way of acquiring the parenting knowledge was smartphone APP. Most parents wanted to learn about nurturing skills and health safety knowledge in daily care, but only 66.3% of parents expressed their interest in parent-child interactive games.
Conclusion
In early child development interventions, more attention should be given to low maternal education population. Taking advantage of modern technology including mobile APP, we should incorporate parenting skills with health, nutrition, safety and responsive caregiving, and emphasize the importance of family games for early stimulation of child cognition.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 120- [
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127
Study of pinch strength in children aged 5 to 6 years in Nanjing
QIAN Zilong, WANG Jing, YANG Lei, JIANG Bei, XU Qu, OU Jiaxin, ZHANG Qingyu, LI Nan, TONG Meiling, HONG Qin
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.003
Objective
To analyze the pinch strength of 5-6-year-old children in Nanjing in order to identify developmental characteristics of pinch strength, and establish the relationship between pinch strength and body measures.
Methods
A stratified random sample of 485 children ranging in age from 5 to 6 years was enrolled into the study. Pinch strength was determined using a pinch gauge in standard sitting posture, and the sizes of hands were also measured.
Results
① Palmar pinch strength: the results showed no significant difference between two hands among boys and girls; palmar pinch strength of boys appeared to be stronger than that of girls; palmar pinch strength of right hands among boys increased by 0.2 to 1.2 LB (1 LB=0.453 kg) every six months while that of left hands increased by 0.1 to 1.2 LB; palmar pinch strength of right hands among girls increased by 0.5 to 0.6 LB every six months while that of left hands increased by 0.3 to 0.8 LB. ② Tip pinch strength: the results showed no significant difference between two hands among boys and girls; tip pinch strength of boys appeared to be stronger than that of girls; tip pinch strength of right hands among boys increased by 0.3 to 0.5 LB every six months while that of left hands increased by 0.1 to 0.5 LB; tip pinch strength of right hands among girls increased by 0.3 to 0.4 LB every six months while that of left hands increased by 0.1 to 0.4 LB. ③ The study provided an important referred data of palmar and tip pinch strength in Nanjing. ④ Strong correlations existed between palmar and tip pinch strength and hand size.
Conclusion
The study analyzed the developmental characteristics of pinch strength according to the age, gender, and hand size, providing a basis for further clinical and scientific research.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 127- [
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132
Effects of dietary vitamin A intake in late pregnancy on the neonatal vitamin A level and related factors
LIU Huan, MIAO Jingkun, CHEN Jie, LI Tingyu
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.004
Objective
To explore the effects of dietary vitamin A (VA) intake in late pregnancy on VA level in neonates.
Methods
According to the inclusion criteria, the neonates born from October to November 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University and their mothers were included, and umbilical cord blood and related case data were collected. The dietary status of pregnant women at the late stage of pregnancy was investigated by food frequency method, the blood retinol levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method and t test or variance analysis were used to analyze the effects.
Results
Totally 98 mothers and their neonates were included. The excess intake of VA in the mother’s late pregnancy reached 12.24%, with a sufficient rate of 75.51% and a deficient rate of 12.24%.And still, there was a deficient rate of 8.11% among pregnant mothers who took VA supplements. The neonatal umbilical cord blood retinol levels of group in which pregnant mothers took sufficient VA in late pregnancy were obviously higher than that of group in which pregnant mothers took insufficient VA (P=0.000), and the levels of retinol increased with the increase of the intake of red-yellow fruits and liver (P=0.000, 0.010). However, there was no correlation between the neonatal VA level and the intake of fish, shrimp, shell, eggs, milk, dark vegetables, and VA supplements (all P>0.05). The birth weight and head circumference of group in which neonatal retinol levels ≥0.70 μmol/L were significantly higher than that of retinol levels <0.70 μmol/L (P=0.000, 0.040). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between retinol level and body weight (r=0.245, P=0.245).
Conclusion
There are still some pregnant mothers who took insufficient and excessive VA in late pregnancy. The neonatal VA level is affected by the diet of mothers in late pregnancy. The birth weight and head circumference of the newborn are related to the VA level. It is necessary to strengthen nutrition guidance during pregnancy to promote early development of children.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 132- [
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Research on relationship among self-concept, social support, and school adaptation of migrant children
XIE Minfang, HUANG Xujing, LI Li, GAO Qiyang
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.005
Objective
To understand the current situation of school adaptability of migrant children, and explore the relations of school adaptability with self-concept and social support in migrant children.
Methods
A total of 124 migrant children and 125 resident children were randomly sampled from school. And the school social behavior scale(SSBS), self-concept description questionnaire(SDQ) and social support rating scale(SSRS) were used to measure them.
Results
The differences in scores of self-management skills and academic skills scores between migrant children and resident children were statistically significant (P<0.05). And there were significant differences in school adaptive scores between migrant children with different gender and whether the only child (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that academic self, physical self, interpersonal self, and general self were significantly positively correlated with social ability (interpersonal skills, self-management skills, and academic skills) (r=0.313-0.563, P<0.01), emotional self was positively correlated with interpersonal skills (r=0.193, P<0.05); objective support was significantly positively correlated with interpersonal skills, self-management skills and academic skills (r=0.330-0.403, P<0.01), and support factor was significantly positively correlated with interpersonal skills and self-management skills (r=0.209-0.281, P<0.05). Further regression analysis showed that self-concept and social support had significant regression effect on school adaptability (R2=0.289, F=49.446, P<0.000).
Conclusion
The survey shows that self concept and social support have positive predictive effect on school adaptability.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 138- [
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Review
144
Advances of music therapy for psychiatric disorders
HAO Juanjuan，WU Min, JIANG Keyu
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.006
Music therapy is a new, interdisciplinary subject that integrates music, medicine, and psychology. It can improve people’s psychological and physiological conditions. At present, it has been widely used in medicine and psychology, especially in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. However, there are still some problems in the implementation, and it needs further improvement. The article summarizes the application and research status of music therapy, as well as the shortcomings and prospects of music therapy.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 144- [
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149
Looking back to the future—investing in young children's early development
Mary Eming Young
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.007
Early experiences, beginning at conception, shape our brain and biological functions for life. Early child development (ECD) interventions have been under way for years in industrialized and developing countries, and some have been scaled up as national initiatives. To close the gap between what we know about early child development and what we do about it, all sectors must come together and work toward a unified strategy that promotes the healthy development of children.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 149- [
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Intervention strategies of joint attention for children with autism spectrum disorder
ZHENG Rong
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.008
Joint attention is the core deficit of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children, which leads to the disorders of social communication and interaction ability. This article summarizes the way to follow the children by observing and listening, to explain, imitate, and intervene in the activities of ASD children, to provide a large number of interactive opportunities in routine activities through waiting, interesting obstacles and other methods, to adjust the position, to interact with the children energetically, and to demonstrate and respond to children in a timely manner. Effective intervention strategies such as non-verbal communication can enhance the joint attention of ASD children.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 154- [
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Case study
157
Behavioral intervention of infant sleep problems: a case report
DENG Yujiao, WANG Guanghai, JIANG Yanrui, LIN Qinmin, JIANG Fan
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4301.2018.03.009
A 6-month infant was taken to our clinic for his unrested sleep and frequent night waking. Our multi-disciplinary team asked for his sleep history and did the physical examination carefully, besides, one-week observation of his sleep was required using the sleep log and Acti-watch. The child was finally diagnosed as having behavioral insomnia of childhood, sleep-onset association type. The behavioral therapist specializing in pediatric sleep medicine made an individual intervention for the infant, including parent sleep education, good sleep hygiene, gradual extinction, and positive bedtime routine. During the therapy, the therapist did follow-up to support the compliance of the treatment. One month later, the sleep log indicated that the infant’s nighttime awakenings came to only 1 per night, which is in line with the Acti-watch. The child’s sleep efficiency also climbed up.
2018 Vol. 6 (3): 157- [
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