Myopia is a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly in China. Despite the high-level attention from the top state leaders, the research results on the relationships between single phenomena and the incidence of myopia epidemic, and their accordingly universal warnings can hardly play its roles in practice for school-age students. The effective way to struggle with myopia is to diagnose students' individualized causes of myopia, then eliminate the risk factors from their environmental source of education and lifestyle, and finally provide precise treatment. It is really urgent to explore evidence-based implementation programs of China's myopia prevention and treatment by combining medicine treatments with education.