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| Relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children |
| CHEN Ziling1, LI Shenghui2, ZHENG Xiangyu1, SHEN Jiayao1, MA Jun1 |
| 1. Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; 2. School of Public Health, Shangai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China |
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Abstract Objective To explore the relationship between attention－deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children with ADHD, and to provide a basis for clinical education. Methods The data were collected from questionnaires of individual and family social environment of school－aged children in the national sleep status survey project of school－aged children. The stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 9 cities throughout China as survey sites. A total of 23 791 questionnaires were distributed and 22 018 valid questionnaires (92.5%) were collected. A univariate Logistic regression model was built to analyze the factors that may be related to recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Controlling the possible confounders, a multivariate Logistic regression analysis was implemented. Results The average age of the 22 018 children included in the study was (9.2±1.8) years. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ADHD, age, recent confrontation with major events, full－time occupation of parents, father's education level between primary and junior high school, non－nuclear family, parents' marriage without harmonization, and climate environment may be related to the occurrence of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Furthermore, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that ADHD (OR: 1.769; 95% CI：1.513～2.068; P<0.01), parents' marriage without harmonization (OR: 1.612; 95% CI: 1.430～1.819; P<0.01), a recent confrontation with major events (OR: 1.421; 95% CI: 1.277～1.581; P<0.01), and climate environment were the risk factors of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Conclusion There is a strong correlation between ADHD and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in children. Educational guidance for patients with ADHD should include strengthening immunity to reduce the occurrence of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections.
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