Abstract：Objective To study the mechanism of brain dysfunction in children with chronic persistent asthmaby functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI）. Methods A total of 30 children with chronic persistent asthma and 30 normal children were enrolled. The children’s data of fMRI and attention behavioral test were collected. The response time and correct number of fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation（fALFF）and continuous performance task（CPT）in the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results The fALFF values in the left posterior cerebellar lobe and left inferior occipital gyrus of the asthma group were significantly lower than those of the control group（P< 0 .05）. But fALFF values in the left limbic lobe of the asthma group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The CPT reaction time of asthmatic children was significantly longer than that of the normal children, and the correct number was significantly lower than that of the normal children（P< 0 .05）. Conclusion The attentional deficit in the asthmatic children is related to the injury of the left posterior cerebellar lobule, and the abnormal function of the left inferior occipital gyrus leads to the decline of memory. The left limbic lobule may compensate for the two brain regions.
