Abstract:Developmental dyscalculia (DD) is a specific learning disability impeding the acquisition of digital processing and operational ability among children. It has a great negative effect on not only math achievement, but also on children's emotional management, social cognition, interpersonal relationships and so on. This article attempts to address the causes of DD in terms of genetic, cognitive and brain neural mechanisms from the perspective of educational neuroscience. Based on these causes, we put forward some suggestions for educational strategies and methods from the educational equity policy perspective.